PC issues-ii
Welcome to my “PC issues-ii.”
Q: Power supply unit malfunction
A: It has been repeatedly stressed that the failure of the power supply unit can cost you dearly. Therefore, if the power supply causes even the slightest suspicion, it should be replaced immediately with a new one. The cost of power supplies is much lower than the price of motherboards, processors, hard drives and other components that can burn through the fault of the power supply. If your computer is damaged by an expensive and high-quality power supply, you can take it to a service center. Many faults of the power supply unit are eliminated, but this should be handled by specialists.
However, if the repair of the power supply is, for example, in replacing the cooling fan, you can try to do it yourself. You can also solder the power connectors that have fallen off (although this happens very rarely). If a wire break occurred in the connector itself, the wire should be replaced (the connector is a cast, non-separable construction). After disconnecting the power supply from the network, it is necessary to cut off the connector from the surviving wires. Then you need to find the same connector with soldered (crimped) wires 5-10 cm long. This connector can be cut off from the old faulty power supply. Wires with the same colors should be cleaned, twisted together (black - with black, red - with red, yellow - with yellow) and soldered. After this, it is necessary to carefully isolate the soldering points with electrical tape.
Another type of power unit repair that you can do yourself is to remove dust from the power supply housing. The cleaning procedure should be as follows:
1. Unplug the power supply from the outlet and leave it for a few minutes. During this time it will cool down, and the capacitors, on which there may be residual charges, will be discharged.
2. Remove the power supply cover (it is usually fixed with four screws).
3. Carefully, in order not to damage the radio components, dust the power supply unit. Use a small brush with a dielectric handle.
4. If you have a compressor or a can of compressed air (you can buy such cartridges in computer stores or in departments selling office equipment), blow out the power unit to remove dust from hard-to-reach places.
5. Ensure that no foreign objects enter the power supply during the cleaning process and replace the cover.
If the computer does not turn on, make sure that the reason for this is the power supply failure.
How can I determine the power supply failure if the computer does not give any sign of life? Very simple.
1. Disconnect all power connectors from the motherboard, disk drives, etc. All power supply connectors must be disconnected from the consumers.
2. Plug the power adapter into an AC outlet. Its fans will not rotate. This is natural because the signal power supply does not come to the power supply unit.
3. Close the contacts to the green and any black wire on the connector to power the motherboard. This can be done with a small piece of wire or a paper clip. There are no dangerous or even appreciable strains on these contacts. If the power supply fans come in, maybe the power supply is alive.
4. However, if its fans rotate, to assert that the power supply is completely functional, early. If you have a voltmeter and you know how to use it, measure the voltage at the connector terminals to which the red, yellow, blue, white and orange wires are suitable, in relation to contact with the black wire. At these contacts, there should be voltages of +5, +12, -12, -5 and +3.3 V. These can actually be slightly higher since the power supply is not under load.
5. The absence of one of these voltages, as well as its strong deviation from the norm, indicates a malfunction of the power supply. If the voltages are close to normal, try to connect some kind of load, for example, a hard disk (it is better to turn off the power supply first, by opening the green and black wires contacts). After turning on the power supply, measure the voltages on the red and yellow wires. If the voltage is significantly lower than +5 and +12 V, the power supply unit must be repaired or replaced.
If the current from your system unit beats, this may indicate a malfunction of the power supply. In this case, the computer can function normally, but the case periodically or permanently "bites": D. It is unacceptable. First, you suffer by touching the body of the unit, connecting any cable or external drive. Secondly, other components of the computer may suffer from this. Electric shocks from the system unit indicate insufficient isolation between the high-voltage circuits of the power supply unit and its housing, which in turn has electrical contact with the computer case. Such a power supply unit should be replaced immediately or given for repair.
Sometimes the system unit beats current not through the fault of the power supply. This often happens when computers are connected to a network (especially using
A: It has been repeatedly stressed that the failure of the power supply unit can cost you dearly. Therefore, if the power supply causes even the slightest suspicion, it should be replaced immediately with a new one. The cost of power supplies is much lower than the price of motherboards, processors, hard drives and other components that can burn through the fault of the power supply. If your computer is damaged by an expensive and high-quality power supply, you can take it to a service center. Many faults of the power supply unit are eliminated, but this should be handled by specialists.
However, if the repair of the power supply is, for example, in replacing the cooling fan, you can try to do it yourself. You can also solder the power connectors that have fallen off (although this happens very rarely). If a wire break occurred in the connector itself, the wire should be replaced (the connector is a cast, non-separable construction). After disconnecting the power supply from the network, it is necessary to cut off the connector from the surviving wires. Then you need to find the same connector with soldered (crimped) wires 5-10 cm long. This connector can be cut off from the old faulty power supply. Wires with the same colors should be cleaned, twisted together (black - with black, red - with red, yellow - with yellow) and soldered. After this, it is necessary to carefully isolate the soldering points with electrical tape.
Another type of power unit repair that you can do yourself is to remove dust from the power supply housing. The cleaning procedure should be as follows:
1. Unplug the power supply from the outlet and leave it for a few minutes. During this time it will cool down, and the capacitors, on which there may be residual charges, will be discharged.
2. Remove the power supply cover (it is usually fixed with four screws).
3. Carefully, in order not to damage the radio components, dust the power supply unit. Use a small brush with a dielectric handle.
4. If you have a compressor or a can of compressed air (you can buy such cartridges in computer stores or in departments selling office equipment), blow out the power unit to remove dust from hard-to-reach places.
5. Ensure that no foreign objects enter the power supply during the cleaning process and replace the cover.
If the computer does not turn on, make sure that the reason for this is the power supply failure.
How can I determine the power supply failure if the computer does not give any sign of life? Very simple.
1. Disconnect all power connectors from the motherboard, disk drives, etc. All power supply connectors must be disconnected from the consumers.
2. Plug the power adapter into an AC outlet. Its fans will not rotate. This is natural because the signal power supply does not come to the power supply unit.
3. Close the contacts to the green and any black wire on the connector to power the motherboard. This can be done with a small piece of wire or a paper clip. There are no dangerous or even appreciable strains on these contacts. If the power supply fans come in, maybe the power supply is alive.
4. However, if its fans rotate, to assert that the power supply is completely functional, early. If you have a voltmeter and you know how to use it, measure the voltage at the connector terminals to which the red, yellow, blue, white and orange wires are suitable, in relation to contact with the black wire. At these contacts, there should be voltages of +5, +12, -12, -5 and +3.3 V. These can actually be slightly higher since the power supply is not under load.
5. The absence of one of these voltages, as well as its strong deviation from the norm, indicates a malfunction of the power supply. If the voltages are close to normal, try to connect some kind of load, for example, a hard disk (it is better to turn off the power supply first, by opening the green and black wires contacts). After turning on the power supply, measure the voltages on the red and yellow wires. If the voltage is significantly lower than +5 and +12 V, the power supply unit must be repaired or replaced.
If the current from your system unit beats, this may indicate a malfunction of the power supply. In this case, the computer can function normally, but the case periodically or permanently "bites": D. It is unacceptable. First, you suffer by touching the body of the unit, connecting any cable or external drive. Secondly, other components of the computer may suffer from this. Electric shocks from the system unit indicate insufficient isolation between the high-voltage circuits of the power supply unit and its housing, which in turn has electrical contact with the computer case. Such a power supply unit should be replaced immediately or given for repair.
Sometimes the system unit beats current not through the fault of the power supply. This often happens when computers are connected to a network (especially using
Q: How to properly clean the computer from dust
Step 1: Disassemble the computer.
Sometimes it is enough to remove the left side wall to gain access to the interior. However, it should be remembered that there is a gap in the right wall where dust accumulates.
For dismantling, we need a screwdriver and a pair of skillful hands. Often, the computer case can be disassembled and completely without a screwdriver, by unscrewing the screws manually, or by squeezing out the plastic latches.
Step 2: Inspect the front of the upcoming works.
Due to the fans in the computer, the air constantly circulates, the dust from which remains inside the case. Most of all it will, of course, at the bottom of the system unit.
Since dust is metalized over time due to friction parts of the fans (brushes and collector), its accumulation can lead to a short circuit inside the power supply, damage to memory modules, etc.
Step 3: Turn on the vacuum cleaner to an average power level.
We take the brush. The width of its bristles should be about 0.5-0.7 cm brush brushing the dust, immediately using a vacuum cleaner, in order to prevent the dispersion of dust. That is the brush and the vacuum cleaner work in sync.
We remove dust from all horizontal sections - the bottom of the case, the surface of optical drives and hard drives, video cards, and other expansion cards. Acting with a brush, like a mini-broom, we simply sweep the dust into the mouth of the vacuum hose.
For ease of operation, you can unscrew the screws and disconnect the cables, remove the optical drive and hard drives. It is important then not to confuse with the reverse connection of these devices.
Devices with an IDE interface (where the loop is wide and contains 80 wires) are connected like this: keep the device back to itself, not "upside down". On the left, we will have a wide connector for the cable, on the right - a power connector. We plug the loop so that the end wire with the marking is on the right, closer to the power socket (it is often impossible to confuse, since one contact is sealed in the loop, and accordingly there is no pin in the device). The power plug is connected so that the yellow wire (12 volts) is on the right, and the red wire is on the left. However, the power connector is made so that it is quite difficult to mix up the connection.
You have to be very strong physically human to mix up the connectors and plumes of devices with the interface data.
Simply, try to memorize, photograph or sketch the connections before you start to disconnect them.
Step 4: For convenience, we remove peripheral devices from the motherboard - video card, modem, TV tuner, etc.
After unscrewing the fixing screw, or having squeezed out the plastic latch, carefully remove the device starting from the edge of the motherboard. Remember that the tail of the video card is often fastened also with a plastic latch, which should be pressed. Do not forget to disconnect the wires from the video card before you shoot it.
These devices should be laid on a clean surface, also cleaned with a brush and a vacuum cleaner. Since they are located downwards, the dust settles on the back, top, side. The lower side also needs to be cleaned. Pay special attention to the fan and the radiator of the video card. We carefully clean out all dust from there. If you attach the hose of the vacuum cleaner close to the fan, the latter will start to rotate. Use this to stop the impeller with a brush or hand, pick up all the dust that has settled and remove it with a vacuum cleaner.
Similarly, you can clean the rest of the fans.
Step 5: Clean the motherboard.
If you are not sure that you can assemble the computer back, it's best not to remove the extra. the device from the motherboard, that is, the previous step must be managed on the computer assembly. However, due to the tightness of the computers, this can be difficult.
Particular attention when cleaning motherboard should be given space around the processor. It is allocated by a large radiator with a fan (cooler). If possible, remove the fan without removing the heatsink from the processor (otherwise you can break the thermal paste layer, which serves to better transfer heat from the processor to the radiator). As follows, carefully, brush the space around the processor, immediately sucking dust with a vacuum cleaner. Memory modules can be carefully removed, provided, of course, that you can correctly install them back. Froch, you can and do not do this by cleaning the installed memory slots.
Gradually handle the entire motherboard with a brush, paying special attention to radiators and fans, as well as especially dusty places.
Step 6: Collect the computer.
Install the removed memory modules, peripherals, fans, hard drives and optical drives.
We connect, check the correctness of the assembly. Tighten the fixing screws.
Do not hurry to close the lid.
Turn on the computer to make sure that everything is working and loaded, preferably using a BIOS or application programs to check the temperature of the key elements - the processor, hard drives, the core of the video card. If everything works.
Sometimes it is enough to remove the left side wall to gain access to the interior. However, it should be remembered that there is a gap in the right wall where dust accumulates.
For dismantling, we need a screwdriver and a pair of skillful hands. Often, the computer case can be disassembled and completely without a screwdriver, by unscrewing the screws manually, or by squeezing out the plastic latches.
Step 2: Inspect the front of the upcoming works.
Due to the fans in the computer, the air constantly circulates, the dust from which remains inside the case. Most of all it will, of course, at the bottom of the system unit.
Since dust is metalized over time due to friction parts of the fans (brushes and collector), its accumulation can lead to a short circuit inside the power supply, damage to memory modules, etc.
Step 3: Turn on the vacuum cleaner to an average power level.
We take the brush. The width of its bristles should be about 0.5-0.7 cm brush brushing the dust, immediately using a vacuum cleaner, in order to prevent the dispersion of dust. That is the brush and the vacuum cleaner work in sync.
We remove dust from all horizontal sections - the bottom of the case, the surface of optical drives and hard drives, video cards, and other expansion cards. Acting with a brush, like a mini-broom, we simply sweep the dust into the mouth of the vacuum hose.
For ease of operation, you can unscrew the screws and disconnect the cables, remove the optical drive and hard drives. It is important then not to confuse with the reverse connection of these devices.
Devices with an IDE interface (where the loop is wide and contains 80 wires) are connected like this: keep the device back to itself, not "upside down". On the left, we will have a wide connector for the cable, on the right - a power connector. We plug the loop so that the end wire with the marking is on the right, closer to the power socket (it is often impossible to confuse, since one contact is sealed in the loop, and accordingly there is no pin in the device). The power plug is connected so that the yellow wire (12 volts) is on the right, and the red wire is on the left. However, the power connector is made so that it is quite difficult to mix up the connection.
You have to be very strong physically human to mix up the connectors and plumes of devices with the interface data.
Simply, try to memorize, photograph or sketch the connections before you start to disconnect them.
Step 4: For convenience, we remove peripheral devices from the motherboard - video card, modem, TV tuner, etc.
After unscrewing the fixing screw, or having squeezed out the plastic latch, carefully remove the device starting from the edge of the motherboard. Remember that the tail of the video card is often fastened also with a plastic latch, which should be pressed. Do not forget to disconnect the wires from the video card before you shoot it.
These devices should be laid on a clean surface, also cleaned with a brush and a vacuum cleaner. Since they are located downwards, the dust settles on the back, top, side. The lower side also needs to be cleaned. Pay special attention to the fan and the radiator of the video card. We carefully clean out all dust from there. If you attach the hose of the vacuum cleaner close to the fan, the latter will start to rotate. Use this to stop the impeller with a brush or hand, pick up all the dust that has settled and remove it with a vacuum cleaner.
Similarly, you can clean the rest of the fans.
Step 5: Clean the motherboard.
If you are not sure that you can assemble the computer back, it's best not to remove the extra. the device from the motherboard, that is, the previous step must be managed on the computer assembly. However, due to the tightness of the computers, this can be difficult.
Particular attention when cleaning motherboard should be given space around the processor. It is allocated by a large radiator with a fan (cooler). If possible, remove the fan without removing the heatsink from the processor (otherwise you can break the thermal paste layer, which serves to better transfer heat from the processor to the radiator). As follows, carefully, brush the space around the processor, immediately sucking dust with a vacuum cleaner. Memory modules can be carefully removed, provided, of course, that you can correctly install them back. Froch, you can and do not do this by cleaning the installed memory slots.
Gradually handle the entire motherboard with a brush, paying special attention to radiators and fans, as well as especially dusty places.
Step 6: Collect the computer.
Install the removed memory modules, peripherals, fans, hard drives and optical drives.
We connect, check the correctness of the assembly. Tighten the fixing screws.
Do not hurry to close the lid.
Turn on the computer to make sure that everything is working and loaded, preferably using a BIOS or application programs to check the temperature of the key elements - the processor, hard drives, the core of the video card. If everything works.
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