Welcome to my “pc issues.”
Reset BIOS settings
A: When there is no image on the monitor when turning on the computer, and you are sure of the health of all hardware devices, the reason may be due to incorrect settings or BIOS damage. Before you conclude that the BIOS is damaged, you should try to reset the settings and try to reset the BIOS parameters. How can I reset BIOS settings if you can not even turn on the computer?
1. Locate the Clear CMOS jumper on the motherboard. Often it is installed near a battery or a south bridge.
2. Clear CMOS jumper can contain two or three contacts. In the first case, the jumper is not equipped with a jumper.
3. If the Clear CMOS jumper contains two contacts, short it with a metal object (such as a screwdriver) for a few seconds. The power of the computer must be switched off!
4. If the jumper contains three pins and a jumper installed on the middle and side pins, remove it and set it so that the middle and other side pins are closed. After a few seconds set the jumper back to its original position.
5. Turn on the power to the computer. If the problem was incorrect BIOS settings, you will hear one or two short beeps from the system speaker.
The image on the monitor appears, but most likely the computer will be paused, and a message will appear on the screen indicating that the BIOS settings have been reset. In most cases, the system prompts you to press the F1 key to set the default BIOS parameters in the BIOS and continue to boot the computer, or the Delete key to start the CMOS Setup program where you can set the required parameters. For more information on BIOS settings, see the documentation for the motherboard.
Note:
If you did not find the Clear CMOS jumper on the motherboard (on some cards it is really missing), try resetting the BIOS settings as follows: with the computer turned off, remove the battery of the system board from the socket and short-circuit with a metal object (for example, tweezers). Then replace the battery and turn on the computer. The BIOS settings will be reset.
A: When there is no image on the monitor when turning on the computer, and you are sure of the health of all hardware devices, the reason may be due to incorrect settings or BIOS damage. Before you conclude that the BIOS is damaged, you should try to reset the settings and try to reset the BIOS parameters. How can I reset BIOS settings if you can not even turn on the computer?
1. Locate the Clear CMOS jumper on the motherboard. Often it is installed near a battery or a south bridge.
2. Clear CMOS jumper can contain two or three contacts. In the first case, the jumper is not equipped with a jumper.
3. If the Clear CMOS jumper contains two contacts, short it with a metal object (such as a screwdriver) for a few seconds. The power of the computer must be switched off!
4. If the jumper contains three pins and a jumper installed on the middle and side pins, remove it and set it so that the middle and other side pins are closed. After a few seconds set the jumper back to its original position.
5. Turn on the power to the computer. If the problem was incorrect BIOS settings, you will hear one or two short beeps from the system speaker.
The image on the monitor appears, but most likely the computer will be paused, and a message will appear on the screen indicating that the BIOS settings have been reset. In most cases, the system prompts you to press the F1 key to set the default BIOS parameters in the BIOS and continue to boot the computer, or the Delete key to start the CMOS Setup program where you can set the required parameters. For more information on BIOS settings, see the documentation for the motherboard.
Note:
If you did not find the Clear CMOS jumper on the motherboard (on some cards it is really missing), try resetting the BIOS settings as follows: with the computer turned off, remove the battery of the system board from the socket and short-circuit with a metal object (for example, tweezers). Then replace the battery and turn on the computer. The BIOS settings will be reset.
Q: There is no image on the screen
A: If there is no image on the screen when turning on the computer, first make sure that the Power button of the monitor is pressed and the indicator on its front panel lights up. If the Power indicator does not light up at any position of the button of the same name, the monitor is faulty and must be repaired in the conditions of the service center. The only thing you can do yourself is trying to replace the power cable of the monitor. If the Power light is on, but there is no picture when the computer is turned on, see if the indicator changes color. Typically, a few seconds after turning on the computer, the indicator changes to orange (or other):
If this does not happen, the following problems are possible:
The video card is defective. Both the video card and the monitor can be checked by connecting to another computer. If the video card is faulty, it must be replaced.
If you have two video cards on your computer, try connecting the monitor cable to the connector of another video card. Perhaps, in the BIOS settings, another video card is selected as the primary video adapter.
The monitor cable or connector is defective. Inspect the monitor signal cable connector carefully. Perhaps some of his contacts are broken or bent. You can try to straighten the bent pins with a thin tool. Do not forget to turn off the monitor.
There is a malfunction in the computer's system unit. If the computer does not pass the POST procedure, and the system speaker does not emit one short beep, look for the cause in the block. Perhaps the malfunction has nothing to do with the video system (Example: after cleaning the computer, the RAM board is not properly installed).
If the Power indicator of the monitor changes from orange to green, and the computer passes the POST procedure, which ends with a short beep, the following faults are possible:
Completely removed the brightness of the image. Try increasing the brightness and contrast using the knobs or the on-screen menu of the monitor.
If attempts to increase brightness have not been successful, most likely, the monitor is defective. Try to connect it to another computer. If the monitor does not work on another computer, it should be taken to a service center for repair.
A: If there is no image on the screen when turning on the computer, first make sure that the Power button of the monitor is pressed and the indicator on its front panel lights up. If the Power indicator does not light up at any position of the button of the same name, the monitor is faulty and must be repaired in the conditions of the service center. The only thing you can do yourself is trying to replace the power cable of the monitor. If the Power light is on, but there is no picture when the computer is turned on, see if the indicator changes color. Typically, a few seconds after turning on the computer, the indicator changes to orange (or other):
If this does not happen, the following problems are possible:
The video card is defective. Both the video card and the monitor can be checked by connecting to another computer. If the video card is faulty, it must be replaced.
If you have two video cards on your computer, try connecting the monitor cable to the connector of another video card. Perhaps, in the BIOS settings, another video card is selected as the primary video adapter.
The monitor cable or connector is defective. Inspect the monitor signal cable connector carefully. Perhaps some of his contacts are broken or bent. You can try to straighten the bent pins with a thin tool. Do not forget to turn off the monitor.
There is a malfunction in the computer's system unit. If the computer does not pass the POST procedure, and the system speaker does not emit one short beep, look for the cause in the block. Perhaps the malfunction has nothing to do with the video system (Example: after cleaning the computer, the RAM board is not properly installed).
If the Power indicator of the monitor changes from orange to green, and the computer passes the POST procedure, which ends with a short beep, the following faults are possible:
Completely removed the brightness of the image. Try increasing the brightness and contrast using the knobs or the on-screen menu of the monitor.
If attempts to increase brightness have not been successful, most likely, the monitor is defective. Try to connect it to another computer. If the monitor does not work on another computer, it should be taken to a service center for repair.
Q: The screen image disappears after the operating system is loaded
A: If, after turning on the computer, the image on the monitor is present, but disappears after the OS is booted, the reason for sure lies in the wrong resolution settings and the refresh rate of the screen. Perhaps, before the last reboot, you (intentionally or not) have set the update rate or resolution that is not supported by this monitor. There are two ways to solve this problem:
Connect a monitor to your computer that supports a higher resolution and refresh rate, load the operating system and set up working parameters.
Download OS in safe mode and set operating parameters. This method is suitable if you have a Windows system installed on your computer.
The latter method is more realistic, since a spare monitor is not always available at hand, and even with higher technical data.
A: If, after turning on the computer, the image on the monitor is present, but disappears after the OS is booted, the reason for sure lies in the wrong resolution settings and the refresh rate of the screen. Perhaps, before the last reboot, you (intentionally or not) have set the update rate or resolution that is not supported by this monitor. There are two ways to solve this problem:
Connect a monitor to your computer that supports a higher resolution and refresh rate, load the operating system and set up working parameters.
Download OS in safe mode and set operating parameters. This method is suitable if you have a Windows system installed on your computer.
The latter method is more realistic, since a spare monitor is not always available at hand, and even with higher technical data.
Q: There are no individual pixels on the screen
A: A malfunction, in which there are no glowing dots in the image (or, conversely, the dots are shining where there is no need), is inherent only in LCD monitors. Transistors that make the monitor points glow have a burn out property. As a result, the point, ignition of which corresponds to the burned transistor, does not light up, or, conversely, does not go out under any circumstances.
Unfortunately, this malfunction is not eliminated in any way, because of the TFT-matrix, which is a screen of the LCD monitor, is a non-separable design.
Idle points on the LCD screen are called broken pixels. If there are one or more broken pixels on your monitor screen, you can accept this: in most cases, this does not interfere with normal operation. Some manufacturers even regulate a certain number of broken pixels on a new monitor, in which it is not considered defective.
Detect broken pixels can be using special programs for testing monitors.
A: A malfunction, in which there are no glowing dots in the image (or, conversely, the dots are shining where there is no need), is inherent only in LCD monitors. Transistors that make the monitor points glow have a burn out property. As a result, the point, ignition of which corresponds to the burned transistor, does not light up, or, conversely, does not go out under any circumstances.
Unfortunately, this malfunction is not eliminated in any way, because of the TFT-matrix, which is a screen of the LCD monitor, is a non-separable design.
Idle points on the LCD screen are called broken pixels. If there are one or more broken pixels on your monitor screen, you can accept this: in most cases, this does not interfere with normal operation. Some manufacturers even regulate a certain number of broken pixels on a new monitor, in which it is not considered defective.
Detect broken pixels can be using special programs for testing monitors.
Q: There are small colored bars or dots on the screen
A: If you see small colored bars or dots in the image, and this manifests itself all the time in different places on the screen and does not depend on the type of monitor connected (which excludes the version about broken pixels), most likely, there is a malfunction of one of the video memory chips. This failure is often accompanied by a hangup of the video image or the entire system.
To verify the cause of the problem, you must install a known good graphics card into the computer. If the problem has disappeared - the video card is to be replaced, since it can not be repaired. In rare cases, experts of the service center can try to solder the memory chip, but more often than not they do not undertake it and recommend changing the video card entirely.
Some older graphics cards used memory chips that were installed in the slots. If you find the appropriate memory chip, you can try to change it yourself. To do this, remove the old chip from the socket and install a new one in its place. However, such video cards remained only with the owners of quite old computers.
A temporary but effective way of treating:
In Windows XP: PCM on the desktop - Properties - Other - the "Advanced" button - Diagnostics.
In Windows Vista and above: PCM on the desktop - Personalization - Display settings - "Advanced" button - Diagnostics.
Find the acceleration settings and shift the switch all the way to the left (turn off the acceleration). We use it, but do not forget that this is a temporary method.
Note: If you turn off the graphics acceleration, running games and some "heavy applications" will become impossible.
A: If you see small colored bars or dots in the image, and this manifests itself all the time in different places on the screen and does not depend on the type of monitor connected (which excludes the version about broken pixels), most likely, there is a malfunction of one of the video memory chips. This failure is often accompanied by a hangup of the video image or the entire system.
To verify the cause of the problem, you must install a known good graphics card into the computer. If the problem has disappeared - the video card is to be replaced, since it can not be repaired. In rare cases, experts of the service center can try to solder the memory chip, but more often than not they do not undertake it and recommend changing the video card entirely.
Some older graphics cards used memory chips that were installed in the slots. If you find the appropriate memory chip, you can try to change it yourself. To do this, remove the old chip from the socket and install a new one in its place. However, such video cards remained only with the owners of quite old computers.
A temporary but effective way of treating:
In Windows XP: PCM on the desktop - Properties - Other - the "Advanced" button - Diagnostics.
In Windows Vista and above: PCM on the desktop - Personalization - Display settings - "Advanced" button - Diagnostics.
Find the acceleration settings and shift the switch all the way to the left (turn off the acceleration). We use it, but do not forget that this is a temporary method.
Note: If you turn off the graphics acceleration, running games and some "heavy applications" will become impossible.
Q: Columns "fonts"
A: If you hear a low-frequency rumble from the speakers, like a continuous, this may be due to a malfunction of the speakers or sound card.
Most often, the cause of the low-frequency background of the speakers is a malfunction of the amplifier or its power supply. Most likely, one or several smoothing capacitors in the power supply unit of the amplifier went out of order.
Verify the failure of the speakers is simple: unplug them from the system unit. If the buzz is still present - the speakers are faulty and need to be changed or repaired.
Also, the cause of the buzz or cracking can be a break in the cable connecting the speakers to the sound card connector. If you have experience with a soldering iron, you can try to replace the cable yourself.
If the above does not help, check the computer ground.
A: If you hear a low-frequency rumble from the speakers, like a continuous, this may be due to a malfunction of the speakers or sound card.
Most often, the cause of the low-frequency background of the speakers is a malfunction of the amplifier or its power supply. Most likely, one or several smoothing capacitors in the power supply unit of the amplifier went out of order.
Verify the failure of the speakers is simple: unplug them from the system unit. If the buzz is still present - the speakers are faulty and need to be changed or repaired.
Also, the cause of the buzz or cracking can be a break in the cable connecting the speakers to the sound card connector. If you have experience with a soldering iron, you can try to replace the cable yourself.
If the above does not help, check the computer ground.
Q: Errors when reading from a hard disk (the hard disk itself is intact)
A: While working, sometimes there are various errors when reading and writing data to the hard disk. They can be caused by malfunctions and damage to the file table, as a result of which on the hard disk fragments of files appear whose coordinates are not specified in the file table. You can completely eliminate these errors with the help of the disk check utility included with the Windows operating system.
1. Click Start, and then click Computer in the main menu that appears. The screen with the same name will appear on the screen, containing a list of all the disk devices of the computer.
2. Right-click the hard drive icon that you want to check. A context menu will appear on the screen.
3. On the shortcut menu that appears, click Properties. A dialog of the same name appears on the screen.
4. Click the Tools tab, and then click Check Now. The Check Drive dialog box appears.
5. Select the "Automatically repair system errors" check box, and then click the Run button. The disk check starts. All (or part) errors found during the verification process will be corrected.
When the test is completed, a message will appear on the screen. If the hard drive contains errors, the message will indicate the information about the detected and corrected errors.
*. More advanced users will do this operation from the command line:
A: While working, sometimes there are various errors when reading and writing data to the hard disk. They can be caused by malfunctions and damage to the file table, as a result of which on the hard disk fragments of files appear whose coordinates are not specified in the file table. You can completely eliminate these errors with the help of the disk check utility included with the Windows operating system.
1. Click Start, and then click Computer in the main menu that appears. The screen with the same name will appear on the screen, containing a list of all the disk devices of the computer.
2. Right-click the hard drive icon that you want to check. A context menu will appear on the screen.
3. On the shortcut menu that appears, click Properties. A dialog of the same name appears on the screen.
4. Click the Tools tab, and then click Check Now. The Check Drive dialog box appears.
5. Select the "Automatically repair system errors" check box, and then click the Run button. The disk check starts. All (or part) errors found during the verification process will be corrected.
When the test is completed, a message will appear on the screen. If the hard drive contains errors, the message will indicate the information about the detected and corrected errors.
*. More advanced users will do this operation from the command line:
Q: Slow drive operation
A: If you notice that the data from the hard disk began to read more slowly, and when the file is written, the HDD activity indicator for a long time flashes, then your hard disk most likely needs to be defragmented.
What is disk fragmentation?
Data on the disk is written to clusters. In this case, the files are written to free areas of the surface, not necessarily adjacent to each other. Over time, fragments of recorded files are increasingly scattered throughout the entire surface of the disk, that is, fragmented. When reading such files, the disk head constantly moves in search of the next fragment of the file, and the more such fragments, the longer the file is read.
What is defragmentation?
Long files occupy several clusters. If the record is made on an empty disc, then clusters belonging to the same file are written consecutively. If the disk is full, it may not have a solid area sufficient to accommodate the file. Nevertheless, the file still records, if the disk has many small areas, the total size of which is sufficient for recording. In this case, the file is written in the form of several fragments.
The process of splitting a file into small fragments when writing to a disk is called fragmentation. If there are a lot of fragmented files on the disk, the media reading speed decreases because it takes time to find the clusters in which the files are stored on hard disks. On flash, for example, the search time does not depend on the location of the sectors, and is practically zero, so defragmentation is not required for them.
In addition to slowing down the computer in working with file operations (such as reading and writing), fragmentation of files negatively affects the "health" of the hard drive, as it forces the positioning heads of the disk to move constantly, which read and write data. To eliminate the problem of fragmentation, there are defragmenters, the principle of which is to "assemble" each file from its fragments. A common drawback of such programs is their slow work - the defragmentation process usually takes a very long time (up to several hours).
The picture below will help you understand how from several pieces the file is assembled into one unit (you need to click on the picture): Different colors are different files, the numbers are the file block sequence number (ie the number of the piece)
A: If you notice that the data from the hard disk began to read more slowly, and when the file is written, the HDD activity indicator for a long time flashes, then your hard disk most likely needs to be defragmented.
What is disk fragmentation?
Data on the disk is written to clusters. In this case, the files are written to free areas of the surface, not necessarily adjacent to each other. Over time, fragments of recorded files are increasingly scattered throughout the entire surface of the disk, that is, fragmented. When reading such files, the disk head constantly moves in search of the next fragment of the file, and the more such fragments, the longer the file is read.
What is defragmentation?
Long files occupy several clusters. If the record is made on an empty disc, then clusters belonging to the same file are written consecutively. If the disk is full, it may not have a solid area sufficient to accommodate the file. Nevertheless, the file still records, if the disk has many small areas, the total size of which is sufficient for recording. In this case, the file is written in the form of several fragments.
The process of splitting a file into small fragments when writing to a disk is called fragmentation. If there are a lot of fragmented files on the disk, the media reading speed decreases because it takes time to find the clusters in which the files are stored on hard disks. On flash, for example, the search time does not depend on the location of the sectors, and is practically zero, so defragmentation is not required for them.
In addition to slowing down the computer in working with file operations (such as reading and writing), fragmentation of files negatively affects the "health" of the hard drive, as it forces the positioning heads of the disk to move constantly, which read and write data. To eliminate the problem of fragmentation, there are defragmenters, the principle of which is to "assemble" each file from its fragments. A common drawback of such programs is their slow work - the defragmentation process usually takes a very long time (up to several hours).
The picture below will help you understand how from several pieces the file is assembled into one unit (you need to click on the picture): Different colors are different files, the numbers are the file block sequence number (ie the number of the piece)
Q: Disk corruption inside the drive
A: Modern drives are able to read optical disks at high speed. The disk rotates in the drive with a very large angular velocity, accordingly, it is subjected to powerful centrifugal loads, so that its destruction can occur. Most often, discs are of doubtful origin (due to improperly distributed balancing) or carriers with small cracks.
During the destruction, the fragments of the disk are scattered at a very high speed and can damage the mechanical and electronic components of the drive. However, in some cases, the destruction of the disk is painless.
If there is a disc damage inside the drive, most likely, the warranty repair will not be accepted. Therefore, you can try to extract the disk fragments from the drive yourself and assess the nature of the damage to the device.
To remove the fragments from the drive, remove the drive from the system unit and disassemble it.
If no mechanical damage is detected, assemble the drive and check its operation. If it does not work, then you need a more qualified inspection and repair of the device, or its replacement.
A: Modern drives are able to read optical disks at high speed. The disk rotates in the drive with a very large angular velocity, accordingly, it is subjected to powerful centrifugal loads, so that its destruction can occur. Most often, discs are of doubtful origin (due to improperly distributed balancing) or carriers with small cracks.
During the destruction, the fragments of the disk are scattered at a very high speed and can damage the mechanical and electronic components of the drive. However, in some cases, the destruction of the disk is painless.
If there is a disc damage inside the drive, most likely, the warranty repair will not be accepted. Therefore, you can try to extract the disk fragments from the drive yourself and assess the nature of the damage to the device.
To remove the fragments from the drive, remove the drive from the system unit and disassemble it.
If no mechanical damage is detected, assemble the drive and check its operation. If it does not work, then you need a more qualified inspection and repair of the device, or its replacement.
Q: Too much noise from the system unit
A: Everyone who uses a computer knows that the system unit is the source of the noise. At work, where the production vanity prevails, it is practically invisible and merges with the general working background, but at home, it is especially noticeable (especially at night when the computer is left to download a film or to defragment). Someone's computer makes less noise, someone has more, but somehow all the PCs make a noise. Completely eliminate the noise you are unlikely to succeed, except to put water cooling, buy quiet, but expensive heat removal systems, or simply understand all the subtleties of becoming "Kulibin" and reduce the noise manually.
Noise inside the system unit is created by fans and disk drives, mainly hard disk drives (SSDs do not make noise). Optical drives are noisy only when they contain discs. So, in order to reduce the noise level, you need to do something with the sources of it. First of all, it should be understood that each additional fan you add makes its contribution to the overall noise produced by the system unit. To reduce noise, you need to get rid of as many fans as possible in the system or reduce their speed to a minimum. However, as you know, you should not joke with the computer's temperature mode, so it's necessary to arrive at a reasonable compromise between the number of operating fans and the overall noise level of the system unit.
To partially extinguish the noise from the drives, you should exclude their rigid attachment to the case. Winchesters do not so much rustling as they vibrate. Inexpensive cases, the principle of soft suspension of hard drives is realized with the help of rubber couplings, through which the disk is screwed to the brackets of the case. You can realize this principle in your enclosure by laying rubber washers between the hard disk and the brackets in the mounting points. I, for example, just hung the hard drives on the rubber bands from the panties. Cheap and angry: D.
As already mentioned, enclosures with thin walls are most susceptible to vibration and, as a result, create more noise. If your nearest plans do not include buying a new building, you can glue the inside of its walls with a soundproof material. Such material you can buy in stores selling high-quality car audio equipment (it is used for noise isolation of car interiors). When gluing the walls, do not forget about the ventilation holes. The holes should be left free so that the air can circulate through them. Otherwise, only warm air will circulate inside the enclosure.
A: Everyone who uses a computer knows that the system unit is the source of the noise. At work, where the production vanity prevails, it is practically invisible and merges with the general working background, but at home, it is especially noticeable (especially at night when the computer is left to download a film or to defragment). Someone's computer makes less noise, someone has more, but somehow all the PCs make a noise. Completely eliminate the noise you are unlikely to succeed, except to put water cooling, buy quiet, but expensive heat removal systems, or simply understand all the subtleties of becoming "Kulibin" and reduce the noise manually.
Noise inside the system unit is created by fans and disk drives, mainly hard disk drives (SSDs do not make noise). Optical drives are noisy only when they contain discs. So, in order to reduce the noise level, you need to do something with the sources of it. First of all, it should be understood that each additional fan you add makes its contribution to the overall noise produced by the system unit. To reduce noise, you need to get rid of as many fans as possible in the system or reduce their speed to a minimum. However, as you know, you should not joke with the computer's temperature mode, so it's necessary to arrive at a reasonable compromise between the number of operating fans and the overall noise level of the system unit.
To partially extinguish the noise from the drives, you should exclude their rigid attachment to the case. Winchesters do not so much rustling as they vibrate. Inexpensive cases, the principle of soft suspension of hard drives is realized with the help of rubber couplings, through which the disk is screwed to the brackets of the case. You can realize this principle in your enclosure by laying rubber washers between the hard disk and the brackets in the mounting points. I, for example, just hung the hard drives on the rubber bands from the panties. Cheap and angry: D.
As already mentioned, enclosures with thin walls are most susceptible to vibration and, as a result, create more noise. If your nearest plans do not include buying a new building, you can glue the inside of its walls with a soundproof material. Such material you can buy in stores selling high-quality car audio equipment (it is used for noise isolation of car interiors). When gluing the walls, do not forget about the ventilation holes. The holes should be left free so that the air can circulate through them. Otherwise, only warm air will circulate inside the enclosure.
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